notes and notations (in brackets) added 8/3/06, 8/9/06 or later. These bracketed notations indicate points of design and construction similarity to the current Musical Dynaspheres. See Part 19 and Part 20 for greater detail concerning the Musical Dynaspheres.
"The great difficulty in constructing a sphere that will revolve when vibrations are applied, is in equating its interior volume, which is altered on insertion of the shaft and accessories, with the chord of mass of the shell itself. The differentiation induced in the interior volume must be equated so as to harmonize with the sphere mass chord. Concordance is established between both through certain conditions of differentiation and in accordance with the laws of harmony.
"If the mass chord of the sphere is B flat, and the internal parts when introduced displace the internal volume 1/20th, this 1/20th represents an antagonistic 1/20th against the concordance of the sphere mass and the internal parts must be so graduated as to get at the same chord an octave or more nearest approaching the concordance of the internal volume. No intermediates (music intervals) between octaves would ever reach sympathetic union.
"For example, we have a spun (or hydro-formed) shell of 12 inches internal diameter and 1/32 inches thick (wall), having an internal volume of 904.77 cubic inches. The resonation of the internal volume is found to be B flat and the mass chord B natural. This, or any other antagonistic chord between the sphere mass chord and the volume resonance, will not interfere, as it will come under subservience.
"A steel (or bronze) shaft 1/2 (or 5/8) inch in diameter is now passed through the center of the shell, displacing a portion of the volume. The volume resonance is now found to be altered so as to be antagonistic to the mass chord. To correct this condition the shaft must be turned or filed until the volume resonance reaches the next lower B flat chord. In so doing we neutralize the first line of interference and the parts are left in the same pure sympathy as at first.
"We now introduce a ring (Inner Ring/Drum of Resonation) of 2/3 the diameter (8 inches ID) of the sphere, fastened by arms (disks/plates) to the axis and attach seven adjustable tube resonators, each measuring 3 inches by 3/4 inches. Each tube is then set on the chord of B flat by adjusting its diaphragm. (Seven B flat resonators) This arrangement compensates for the total displacement of the ring (Inner Ring/Drum of Resonation), tubes and arms, it not being necessary to alter the volume on account of this second operation. This completes the second equation of resonation and displacement.
"One end hemisphere is now painted (appropriately treated/textured) black and the other white, and a rubber atomizer bulb placed over the end of the shaft next to the dark hemisphere, to prevent equation of vibrational energy (depolarize) by molecular bombardment when the antagonistic vibrations are transmitted.
"All hollow spheres of certain diameters are resonant to the enharmonic (minor third?) and diatonic (major?) thirds of any and all concordant sounds (= a fifth?). Nature, working with her perfect form, the sphere, gives this effect, but not so with tubes. The shortest way to pure resonance between any number of resonating mediums is through use of the sphere.
"Only two vibratory conditions can be so associated as to excite sympathetic affinity between two physical organisms - the etheric chord of B flat, third octave - and on etheric sympathetic transmission the chord of E flat, with 3rd dominant, 6th enharmonic and 9th diatonic, with octave enharmonic.
"The chord of resonance of the sphere was the sympathetic etheric chord of E flat, 3rd octave, and is highly sensitive to concordance, against the neutral sevenths of the mass chord, whether that concordance be physical or mechanical or the two combined. When the chord of resonance is harmonized with the mass chord, the highest degree of susceptiveness is manifested to negative antagonism. Antagonistic chords actually move and accelerate the sphere, demonstrating the perfection of Nature's laws governing the sympathetic flow.
"The dark hemisphere, which represents 50% of the full internal area of pure concordant harmony, receives the negative Thirds, Sixths and Ninths, the bombardment of which disturbs the equilibrium of the sphere and induces rotation. The speed of rotation is directly in proportion to, and controlled by, the relative volume of the negative antagonistic chords. Even with no wire transmission of vibrations, an ordinary mouth organ, which is constructed (and) tuned to thirds, will cause the sphere to slowly rotate.
"The sympathetic flow is directed to the center by the seven (B flat) resonators and is redistributed during rotation to keep intact the sympathetic volume and thus prevents equation of forces, which would stop rotation. The discordant thirds are also concentrated by the dark hemisphere on the neutral center, and the interference at the neutral center of the concordants focalized by the white hemisphere and the tubes, and the discordants of the dark hemisphere, cause the inherent property of disturbance of equilibrium in the neutral center to assert itself, causing rotation. This is simply the effort put forth by the neutral center, controlled by the dominant principle, causing redistribution of the chord of resonance and avoidance of the interference nodes.
"When receiving concordant sounds the sphere is entirely quiescent, but when discordance is set up within its volume it rejects this repulsive state or condition by rotation.
"Under date of 5/20/1885 he writes of an experiment in which he attached a safety arrangement to his Liberator, and also his strongest resonator, and "within two minutes the shell (probably the musical sphere) attained a rotation of 1500 times per minute. I then retracted to the negative and brought it down to 150 revolutions per minute, when two of my safety shells and a vibratory indicator blew up, causing intermission.
"Keely never claimed or considered this invention as a source of power. It was constructed simply to prove his theory regarding receptiveness of the neutral center, and through it he came into a fuller understanding of the cause of the earth's rotation, which he concluded arise from the conflict between the positive and negative sympathetic streams, or solar tensions against terrestrial condensations." The Snell Manuscript
See Also
Atlin
Alcea
Altea
Alya
Dynasphere
Musical Dynasphere
Rotation
Symael